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News
Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
Valleytowncrier: October 21, 2013
Obesity and diabetes tend to go hand in hand in the Rio Grande Valley.
According to UTPA’s Border Health office, The estimated population of the Rio Grande Valley is 1,170,776(National Census Bureau, 2006). The estimated diabetes prevalence rate in the Rio Grande Valley is 26%. (UTPA Border Health Office, 2006).
However, there are two types of diabetes that may affect individuals and one of them has nothing to do with eating habits or lack of exercise.
In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas undergoes an autoimmune attack by the body itself, and is rendered incapable of making insulin. These individuals are on insulin. Type 1 is usually diagnosed in children and young adulthood so it is formerly known as juvenile onset diabetes. Read More
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News
Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Early Online Publication, October 18, 2013
Type 2 diabetes is associated with dementia, and also with more slight cognitive decrements. In this Review we discuss trajectories from normal cognition to dementia in people with type 2 diabetes, and explore opportunities for treatment. Slight diabetes-associated cognitive decrements and dementia affect different age groups and show a different evolution. These cognitive entities should therefore not be regarded as a continuum, although their effects might be additive. Vascular damage is a key underlying process in both entities. Glucose-mediated processes and other metabolic disturbances might also have a role. No treatment has been established, but management of vascular risk factors and optimisation of glycaemic control could have therapeutic benefit. We identify possible opportunities for intervention to improve cognitive outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes, and suggest how treatment can be tailored to individual risk profiles and comorbidities. Read More
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Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
Future Medicine: November 2013
SUMMARY The incidence of diabetes is increasing globally, resulting in an ever-increasing social and economic burden. Despite advances in treatment options, metabolic control often remains suboptimal, resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality, and increased healthcare expenditure. Current guidelines advocate individualized treatment and a multidisciplinary approach to disease management. For these recommendations to be realized, a comprehensive system of care could be beneficial. In the proposed system, patients would be at the center of a multidisciplinary approach, being provided with the necessary tools, education and support to take responsibility for their condition. Drug delivery systems, treatment algorithms and self-monitoring blood glucose devices, as well as innovations in medication, may provide the tools needed for a patient-centered multidisciplinary integrated care system. Such an integrated approach needs to be economically sustainable and flexible so that it can be scaled up or down to adapt to different healthcare systems.Read more
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Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
Future Medicine: November 2013
SUMMARY Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of new-onset blindness in working-age individuals in the USA and represents a growing worldwide epidemic. Classic risk factors for onset or progression of DR include poor glycemic control, hypertension and hyperlipidemia; however, these factors account for only a small proportion of the risk of DR. New systemic risk factors are emerging, which may allow for personalized risk profiling and targeted treatment by physicians. In addition, early studies of vitreous fluid in patients with DR have resulted in a new paradigm: diabetes causes inflammation in the retina, which is mediated by multiple small signaling molecules that induce angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Future treatment of DR may involve two approaches: early vitreous analysis, followed by drug treatment targeted to the unique vitreous composition of the patient; and collaboration between ophthalmologists and primary care providers to address the unique systemic risk profile of each diabetic patient. Read more
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News
Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
Diabetes Care October 15, 2013
Objective To evaluate the risk of complications in youth with type 2 diabetes.
Research Design and Methods Population based cohorts of 342 prevalent youth (1-18 yrs) with type 2 diabetes, 1011 youth with type 1 diabetes and 1710 non-diabetes controls identified between 1986-2007 from a clinical registry and were linked to healthcare records to assess long-term outcomes utilizing ICD codes.
Results Youth with type 2 diabetes had an increased risk of any complication (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.02-2.12). Significant adverse clinical factors included age at diagnosis (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-2.12), HbA1c (HR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01-1.12) and, surprisingly, renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor use (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.27-2.41). HNF-1α G319S polymorphism was protective in the type 2 diabetes cohort (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.34-0.99). Kaplan Meier statistics revealed an earlier diagnosis of renal and neurological complications in the type 2 diabetes cohort, manifesting within 5 years of diagnosis. Read More
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Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
The Lancet: October 88, 2013
Background
The comparative performance of existing models for prediction of type 2 diabetes across populations has not been investigated. We validated existing non-laboratory-based models and assessed variability in predictive performance in European populations.
Methods
We selected non-invasive prediction models for incident diabetes developed in populations of European ancestry and validated them using data from the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort sample (27 779 individuals from eight European countries, of whom 12 403 had incident diabetes). We assessed model discrimination and calibration for the first 10 years of follow-up. The models were first adjusted to the country-specific diabetes incidence. We did the main analyses for each country and for subgroups defined by sex, age (<60 years
vs ≥60 years), BMI (<25 kg/m2
vs ≥25 kg/m2), and waist circumference (men <102 cm
vs≥102 cm; women <88 cm
vs ≥88 cm).
Read more
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Minority Diabetes Reports
Wednesday, October 23rd, 2013
Diabetes Care October 21, 2013
OBJECTIVE To develop a New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score for screening undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in China.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from the China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study conducted from June 2007 to May 2008 comprising 16,525 men and 25,284 women aged 20–74 years were analyzed. Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes was detected based on fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-h plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L in people without a prior history of diabetes. β-Coefficients derived from a multiple logistic regression model predicting the presence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes were used to calculate the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score. The performance of the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score was externally validated in two studies in Qingdao: one is prospective with follow-up from 2006 to 2009 (validation 1) and another cross-sectional conducted in 2009 (validation 2). Read More
