Acute effect of red meat and dairy on glucose and insulin: a randomized crossover study

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Am J Clin Nutr, 16 December 2015

Background: In contrast with some epidemiologic evidence, our previous research showed that a 4-wk diet that was high in low-fat dairy reduced insulin sensitivity compared with the effect of a diet that was high in red meat.

Objective: We investigated whether a dairy meal would produce a greater insulin response than a carbohydrate-matched red meat meal would, which might account for the change in insulin sensitivity. …

Conclusions: Lean red meat and low-fat dairy produced a similar glycemic response. The higher glucose response 30 min after consumption of the red meat meal was likely attributable to differences in the glycemic load between orange juice and milk and yogurt. An insulinotropic effect of dairy was not observed. Read more.

Diabetes Prevention and Weight Loss with a Fully Automated Behavioral Intervention by Email, Web, and Mobile Phone: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Persons with Prediabetes

J Med Internet Res, 23 October 2015

Background: One-third of US adults, 86 million people, have prediabetes. Two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese and at risk for diabetes. Effective and affordable interventions are needed that can reach these 86 million, and others at high risk, to reduce their progression to diagnosed diabetes.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a fully automated algorithm-driven behavioral intervention for diabetes prevention, Alive-PD, delivered via the Web, Internet, mobile phone, and automated phone calls. …

Conclusions: Alive-PD improved glycemic control, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, TG/HDL ratio, and diabetes risk. As a fully automated system, the program has high potential for scalability and could potentially reach many of the 86 million US adults who have prediabetes as well as other at-risk groups. Read more.

Clinical Utility of SMBG: Recommendations on the Use and Reporting of SMBG in Clinical Research

Diabetes Care, September 2015/p>

Quality glucose information is a core prerequisite for successful diabetes management. It enables professionals and people with diabetes to make medically relevant decisions on therapy. Details of glucose profile information beyond HbA_1c have been largely derived from self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Given the evidence base demonstrating the benefits of SMBG, its routine use is recommended for diabetes management and therapy by many international and regional guidelines. Today, SMBG is considered an important aspect of the management of glycemic control. Glucose information of high quality, considering the products used and the processes conducted, is also needed in clinical research in order to gain new evidence and insights on effective treatment strategies in diabetes. SMBG is widely and routinely applied in large clinical trials, where it is used to understand the glycemic state, to enhance awareness of the effects of lifestyle modification and the adaptation of treatment including insulin titration, and to enable documentation of intraday pre- and postprandial glucose excursions (glycemic variability) and the subsequent statistical analysis of this and the confirmation of hypoglycemic episodes. …

Reliable glucose information requires a clear definition as part of the study design and protocol, not least to ensure replication of the methodology. Interpretation and comparison of study results may be affected if SMBG methods and results are addressed inconsistently. Read more.

Comparison of low- and high-carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes management: a randomized trial

Am J Clin Nutr, 29 July 2015

Background: Few well-controlled studies have comprehensively examined the effects of very-low-carbohydrate diets on type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Objective: We compared the effects of a very-low-carbohydrate, high–unsaturated fat, low–saturated fat (LC) diet with a high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HC) diet on glycemic control and cardiovascular disease risk factors in T2D after 52 wk. …

Conclusions: Both diets achieved substantial weight loss and reduced HbA1c and fasting glucose. The LC diet, which was high in unsaturated fat and low in saturated fat, achieved greater improvements in the lipid profile, blood glucose stability, and reductions in diabetes medication requirements, suggesting an effective strategy for the optimization of T2D management. Read more.

Does Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Testing and Counseling Reduce Modifiable Risk Factors? A Randomized Controlled Trial of Veterans

J Gen Intern Med, 16 April 2015

Objective

We examined the clinical utility of supplementing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) risk counseling with DM genetic test results and counseling. …

Conclusions

Providing patients with genetic test results was not more effective in changing patient behavior to reduce the risk of DM compared to conventional risk counseling. Read more.

Red meat, dairy, and insulin sensitivity: a randomized crossover intervention study

Am J Clin Nutr, 25 March 2015

Background: Epidemiologic studies have linked high consumption of red and processed meat with risk of developing type 2 diabetes, whereas high dairy consumption has been associated with decreased risk, but interventions have been limited.

Objective: We compared the effects on insulin sensitivity of consuming a diet high in lean red meat with minimal dairy, a diet high in dairy primarily low fat (from milk, yogurt, or custard) with no red meat, and a control diet that contained neither red meat nor dairy.…

Conclusion: In contrast to some epidemiologic findings, these results suggest that high consumption of dairy reduces insulin sensitivity compared with a diet high in lean red meat in overweight and obese subjects, some of whom had glucose intolerance. Read more.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Telemedical and Standard Outpatient Monitoring of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Diabetes Care 26 June 2015

OBJECTIVE The role of telemedical monitoring in diabetic foot ulcer care is still uncertain. Our aim was to compare telemedical and standard outpatient monitoring in the care of patients with diabetic foot ulcers in a randomized controlled trial.…

CONCLUSIONS The findings of no significant difference regarding amputation and healing between telemedical and standard outpatient monitoring seem promising; however, for telemedical monitoring, a higher mortality throws into question the role of telemedicine in monitoring diabetic foot ulcers. Further studies are needed to investigate effects of telemedicine on mortality and other clinical outcomes and to identify patient subgroups that may have a poorer outcome through telemedical monitoring. Read more.