Grape Polyphenols Prevent Fructose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance in First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Diabetes Care: December 28, 2012

OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical efficacy of nutritional amounts of grape polyphenols (PPs) in counteracting the metabolic alterations of high-fructose diet, including oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR), in healthy volunteers with high metabolic risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-eight healthy overweight/obese first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients (18 men and 20 women) were randomized in a double-blind controlled trial between a grape PP (2 g/day) and a placebo (PCB) group. Subjects were investigated at baseline and after 8 and 9 weeks of supplementation, the last 6 days of which they all received 3 g/kg fat-free mass/day of fructose. The primary end point was the protective effect of grape PPs on fructose-induced IR.  Read more

The Value of Genetic Information for Diabetes Risk Prediction – Differences According to Sex, Age, Family History and Obesity

PLOS One: May 20, 2013

Background

Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with type 2 diabetes through the past years. In previous studies, the usefulness of these genetic markers for prediction of diabetes was found to be limited. However, differences may exist between substrata of the population according to the presence of major diabetes risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the added predictive value of genetic information (42 single nucleotide polymorphisms) in subgroups of sex, age, family history of diabetes, and obesity. Read more

Egg consumption in relation to risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Am J Clinical Nutrition: May 15, 2013

Background: The associations of egg consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes are still unclear.

Objective: We aimed to quantitatively summarize the literature on egg consumption and risk of CVD, cardiac mortality, and type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Read more

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Obesity in Relation to Serum Dioxin Concentrations: The Seveso Women’s Health Study

EHP: May 14, 2013

Background: In animal studies, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters glucose transport and increases lipids and blood pressure. Epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between TCDD and metabolic disease.

Objectives: On July 10, 1976, a chemical explosion in Seveso, Italy, resulted in the highest known residential exposure to TCDD. Using data from the Seveso Women’s Health Study (SWHS), a cohort study of the health of the women, we examined the relation of serum TCDD to diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity over 30 years later. Read more

Glycemic Control and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalization and All-Cause Mortality ONLINE FIRST

J Am Coll Cardiology: May 1, 2013

Objective  This study evaluated the relationship between glycemic control and cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalizations and all-cause mortality among type 2 diabetes patients in a real-world setting.

Background  Clinical trials have not established that tight glycemic control reduces CVD events and may be associated with increased mortality. Observational studies of specific cohorts have reported increased risk of those outcomes at both high and low glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels. Read more

Feasibility of an Internet-Based Intervention for Improving Diabetes Outcomes Among Low-Income Patients With a High Risk for Poor Diabetes Outcomes Followed in a Community Clinic

Diabetes Educator: April 22, 2013

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of an Internet-based intervention, targeting very low-income minority patients with a high risk for not engaging in diabetes self-management, to increase diabetes self-management and improve diabetes outcomes.

Methods Patients with diabetes followed in a community clinic were enrolled in the 13-month trial. Participants were requested to test blood sugar and upload glucometer data every day and login to the program at least once every second day. Read more

Despite Rising Pharmaceutical Industry Interest in Real World Outcomes, Few Patient-Reported Outcomes Are Included in Diabetes Clinical Trials According to a Context Matters/Pfizer Study

Market Watch: May 20, 2013

NEW ORLEANS, May 20, May 20, 2013 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE via COMTEX) — Despite rising interest in real world outcomes, a recent study performed by Context Matters and Pfizer demonstrates that less than ten percent of diabetes clinical trials conducted in the past decade included patient-reported outcomes (PROs) as part of their protocols.

Presented today at the 18 Annual International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) conference in New Orleans, the study analyzed nearly 650 Phase 3 and Phase 2/3 diabetes clinical trials from the clinicaltrials.gov database.  Read more

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