Fetal Exposure to Parental Smoking and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adult Women

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the associations of both maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy with the risk of type 2 diabetes in daughters and explored whether any association was explained by weight at birth or BMI throughout life.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from 34,453 participants of the Nurses’ Health Study II. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations of maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy with incidence of type 2 diabetes in daughters between 1989 and 2009. Read More